Thermostatic mixer valves (TMV) should be fitted as standard as they significantly reduce the risk of scalding, according to a new report.

The study, by the University of Nottingham and Glasgow Housing Association, looked at the practical application of TMVs in the home and found that using one to run a bath significantly lowers the temperature of the hot bath water used regularly.

Families with a TMV fitted to the bathroom hot and cold water pipes had bath water temperatures up to 11˚C cooler than those without and their baths were at the recommended temperature of 46˚C.

"Scalds place a significant financial burden on the NHS and society," said Professor Denise Kendrick, of Nottingham University's Division of Primary Care, the leader of the study. "In 2009, the total cost of scald injuries and deaths from hot tap water was estimated to be £61 million."

Now Professor Kendrick and her colleagues are calling for social and private landlords to provide TMVs as standard in their properties and for plumbers to fit them as good practice to all replacement baths. They also believe a change in the law is necessary to make them compulsory in home refurbishments as well as new builds.

The Thermostatic Mixing Valve Manufacturers Association welcomed the results of the study as confirming its view that the valves provide safe but hygienic hot water. Roger Crabb, marketing manager of Mira Showers, a member of the association alongside sister brand Rada, said that water must be delivered considerably cooler than it is stored.

Hot water must be generated and stored at temperatures of no less than 60˚C to stop micro-organisms growing within the hot water system, however scalding is a danger at any temperature above 45°C. "Thermostatic mixing valves are the sensible way to deliver water that is both sanitary and safe," Crabb said.